preprint · 2026-09-10

The Last AI Built by Humans: Toward Genuine Recursive Self-Improvement

Duan et al. · Yi Duan, Ying Liu, Zirui Tang +30 more

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Why it matters here

An autonomy-centered taxonomy of which improvement decisions an AI controls, what persists, and what remains externally governed.

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Research autonomyRecursive improvement evidence

What to keep in mind

  • Historical supplied v1 snapshot. The public index lists v3 on September 22; this record preserves the supplied version rather than silently applying later revisions.
  • A survey classification is not independent replication of its cited systems.